Unexpected Dermoscopic Findings

Unexpected Dermoscopic Findings  by Josep MALVEHY


https://youtu.be/C0xCz_h9qSM

#dermatoscopia #dermoscopy  #dermatoscopy #dermoscopie  #dermatoscopie #dermatoskopie #internationaldermoscopysociety #dermatology  #ids #josepmalvehy #dermoscopic

Aumento de la incidencia de léntigo maligno y melanoma léntigo maligno en Cataluña.

Matas-Nadal C  Malvehy J , Ferreres JR , Boada A , Bodet D , Segura S , Salleras M , Azon A , Bel-Pla S , Bigata X, Campoy A , Curcó N , Dalmau J , Formigon M , Gonzalez A , Just M , Llistosella E, Nogues ME , Pedragosa R , Pujol JA , Sabat M , Smandia JA , Zaballos P, Puig S, Martí RM .

Resumen

FONDO:

Recientes estudios epidemiológicos sugieren que los datos anteriores en los que el melanoma de diseminación superficial fue con mucho el subtipo más común de melanoma pueden no reflejar los patrones actuales de exposición al sol u otros factores de riesgo más involucrados en otros subtipos de melanoma como lentigo maligno (LM) o lentigo maligno melanoma ( LMM).

MÉTODOS:

Para medir la situación actual en nuestro país, se registraron todos los casos de LM y LMM diagnosticados en 23 hospitales de Cataluña, desde el 2000 al 2007.

RESULTADOS:

Aunque para el período global, LM / LMM representó solo el 8,4% de los casos, se observó una tendencia creciente en este porcentaje durante todo el período del estudio (del 6,9% [27 casos] en 2000 al 13,1% [94 casos] en 2007). Además, se observó una incidencia creciente de LM / LMM, especialmente en áreas con exposición crónica al sol (85.5% que involucra la región de la cabeza y el cuello). Durante los 8 años del registro, el grosor medio de Breslow de LMM se mantuvo estable. Sin embargo, el aumento en el número de casos de LM (in situ) fue significativamente mayor que el aumento de los invasores.

CONCLUSIONES:

Una observación importante a partir de estos datos es que el envejecimiento de la población y los patrones actuales de exposición al sol podrían seguir aumentando la incidencia de LM / LMM, que puede convertirse en un importante problema de salud pública, sobre los otros subtipos histológicos. Para establecer medidas preventivas primarias o secundarias para la población de riesgo LM / LMM, es imperativo resaltar la importancia del daño solar crónico como factor de riesgo de melanoma, y ​​no solo de quemaduras solares, que se aborda con mayor frecuencia en las campañas de prevención del melanoma.

Fuente: PubMed

Increasing incidence of lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma in Catalonia

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Recent epidemiological studies suggest that past data where superficial spreading melanoma was by far the most common subtype of melanoma may not reflect current patterns of sun exposure or other risk factors more involved in other subtypes of melanoma as lentigo maligna (LM) or lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM).

METHODS:

In order to measure the current situation in our country, all cases of LM and LMM diagnosed in 23 hospitals in Catalonia, from 2000 to 2007, were recorded.

RESULTS:

Although for the global period LM/LMM represented only 8.4% of cases, an increasing trend in this percentage was observed throughout the study period (from 6.9% [27 cases] in 2000 to 13.1% [94 cases] in 2007). Also, an increasing incidence of LM/LMM was observed, especially in chronically sun-exposed areas (85.5% involving the head and neck region). During the 8 years of the registry, the mean Breslow thickness of LMM remained stable. However, the increase in the number of LM (in situ) cases was significantly higher than the increase of the invasive ones.

CONCLUSIONS:

An important observation from this data is that aging of population and current sun exposure patterns could keep increasing the incidence of LM/LMM, which may become an important public healthcare problem, over the other histological subtypes. In order to establish primary or secondary preventive measures to the LM/LMM risk-population, it is imperative to highlight the importance of chronic sun damage as a melanoma risk factor, and not only sunburn, most commonly addressed in melanoma prevention campaigns.

Pistas dermatoscópicas para el diagnóstico de melanomas que se asemejan a la queratosis seborreica.

Carrera C  , Segura S  , Aguilera P  , Scalvenzi M , Longo C , Barreiro A , Broganelli P , Cavicchini S , Llambrich A , Zaballos P , Thomas L , Malvehy J  , Puig S , Zalaudek I

Resumen

IMPORTANCIA:

Los melanomas que imitan clínicamente la queratosis seborreica (SK) pueden retrasar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento adecuado. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre el valor de la dermatoscopia en el reconocimiento de estos melanomas difíciles de diagnosticar.

OBJETIVO:

Describir las características dermatoscópicas de los melanomas tipo SK para comprender su morfología clínica.

DISEÑO, AMBIENTACIÓN Y PARTICIPANTES:

Este estudio observacional retrospectivo utilizó 134 imágenes clínicas y dermatoscópicas de melanomas probados histopatológicamente en 134 pacientes tratados en 9 centros de cáncer de piel en España, Francia, Italia y Austria. Sin saber que el diagnóstico definitivo para todas las lesiones fue melanoma, 2 observadores capacitados en dermatoscopia evaluaron las descripciones clínicas y 48 características dermatoscópicas (incluidos todos los criterios melanocíticos y no melanocíticos) de las 134 imágenes y clasificaron cada dermoscopia como SK o no SK. Se evaluaron la puntuación total de la dermatoscopia y la puntuación de la lista de control de 7 puntos. Las imágenes de las lesiones y los datos de los pacientes se recopilaron desde el 15 de julio de 2013 hasta el 31 de julio de 2014.

PRINCIPALES RESULTADOS Y MEDIDAS:

Se evaluaron las frecuencias de los patrones morfológicos específicos de los melanomas de tipo SK (clínica y dermoscópicamente), la demografía de los pacientes y el acuerdo interobservador de criterios.

RESULTADOS:

De los 134 casos recogidos de 72 hombres y 61 mujeres, todos blancos y con una edad media de 55,6 años, 110 (82,1%) revelaron características dermatoscópicas sugestivas de melanoma, incluida una red de pigmentos (74 [55.2%]), velo azul-blanco (72 [53.7%]), glóbulos y puntos (68 [50.7%]), pseudópodos o rayas (47 [35.1%]) y signo azul-negro (43 [32.3% ]). Los 24 casos restantes (17,9%) se consideraron probables SK, incluso por dermatoscopia. En general, las lesiones mostraron una superficie escamosa e hiperqueratósica (45 [33,6%]), queratina amarillenta (42 [31,3%]), aberturas similares a comedones (41 [30,5%]) y quistes similares a milia (30 [22,4%] ). La muestra completa alcanzó una puntuación media de dermatoscopia total de 4.7 (1.6) y una puntuación de 7 puntos en la lista de control de 4.4 (2.3), mientras que los melanomas dermatoscópicamente similares a SK lograron una puntuación total de dermatoscopia de solo 4.2 (1. 3) y una puntuación de 7 puntos en la lista de verificación de 2.0 (1.9), ambas en el rango de benignidad. Los criterios más útiles para diagnosticar correctamente los melanomas tipo SK fueron la presencia de velo azul-blanco, pseudópodos o estrías y una red de pigmentos. El análisis multivariado encontró que solo el signo azul-negro se asociaba significativamente con un diagnóstico correcto, mientras que la hiperqueratosis, las fisuras y las crestas eran marcadores de riesgo independientes de los melanomas de tipo SK dermatoscópicamente.

CONCLUSIONES Y RELEVANCIA:

Los melanomas tipo queratosis seborreicas pueden ser un reto dermatoscópico, pero la presencia del signo azul-negro, la red de pigmento, los pseudópodos o las estrías y / o el velo azul-blanco, a pesar de la presencia de otras características de SK, permite el diagnóstico correcto de la mayoría de Los casos difíciles de melanoma.

Fuente: PubMed

Dermoscopic Clues for Diagnosing Melanomas That Resemble Seborrheic Keratosis.

Carrera C1, Segura S2, Aguilera P1, Scalvenzi M3, Longo C4, Barreiro A5, Broganelli P6, Cavicchini S7, Llambrich A8, Zaballos P9, Thomas L10, Malvehy J1, Puig S1, Zalaudek I11.

Abstract

IMPORTANCE:

Melanomas that clinically mimic seborrheic keratosis (SK) can delay diagnosis and adequate treatment. However, little is known about the value of dermoscopy in recognizing these difficult-to-diagnose melanomas.

OBJECTIVE:

To describe the dermoscopic features of SK-like melanomas to understand their clinical morphology.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:

This observational retrospective study used 134 clinical and dermoscopic images of histopathologically proven melanomas in 134 patients treated in 9 skin cancer centers in Spain, France, Italy, and Austria. Without knowledge that the definite diagnosis for all the lesions was melanoma, 2 dermoscopy-trained observers evaluated the clinical descriptions and 48 dermoscopic features (including all melanocytic and nonmelanocytic criteria) of all 134 images and classified each dermoscopically as SK or not SK. The total dermoscopy score and the 7-point checklist score were assessed. Images of the lesions and patient data were collected from July 15, 2013, through July 31, 2014.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:

Frequencies of specific morphologic patterns of (clinically and dermoscopically) SK-like melanomas, patient demographics, and interobserver agreement of criteria were evaluated.

RESULTS:

Of the 134 cases collected from 72 men and 61 women, all of whom were white and who had a mean (SD) age of 55.6 (17.5) years, 110 (82.1%) revealed dermoscopic features suggestive of melanoma, including pigment network (74 [55.2%]), blue-white veil (72 [53.7%]), globules and dots (68 [50.7%]), pseudopods or streaks (47 [35.1%]), and blue-black sign (43 [32.3%]). The remaining 24 cases (17.9%) were considered likely SKs, even by dermoscopy. Overall, lesions showed a scaly and hyperkeratotic surface (45 [33.6%]), yellowish keratin (42 [31.3%]), comedo-like openings (41 [30.5%]), and milia-like cysts (30 [22.4%]). The entire sample achieved a mean (SD) total dermoscopy score of 4.7 (1.6) and a 7-point checklist score of 4.4 (2.3), while dermoscopically SK-like melanomas achieved a total dermoscopy score of only 4.2 (1.3) and a 7-point checklist score of 2.0 (1.9), both in the range of benignity. The most helpful criteria in correctly diagnosing SK-like melanomas were the presence of blue-white veil, pseudopods or streaks, and pigment network. Multivariate analysis found only the blue-black sign to be significantly associated with a correct diagnosis, while hyperkeratosis and fissures and ridges were independent risk markers of dermoscopically SK-like melanomas.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:

Seborrheic keratosis-like melanomas can be dermoscopically challenging, but the presence of the blue-black sign, pigment network, pseudopods or streaks, and/or blue-white veil, despite the presence of other SK features, allows the correct diagnosis of most of the difficult melanoma cases.

A proposed scoring system for assessing the severity of actinic keratosis on the head: actinic keratosis area and severity index

PubMed

A proposed scoring system for assessing the severity of actinic keratosis on the head: actinic keratosis area and severity index

BACKGROUND:

Actinic keratosis (AK) severity is currently evaluated by subjective assessment of patients.

OBJECTIVES:

To develop and perform an initial pilot validation of a new easy-to-use quantitative tool for assessing AK severity on the head.

METHODS:

The actinic keratosis area and severity index (AKASI) for the head was developed based on a review of other severity scoring systems in dermatology, in particular the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Initial validation was performed by 13 physicians assessing AK severity in 18 AK patients and two controls using a physician global assessment (PGA) and AKASI. To determine an AKASI score, the head was divided into four regions (scalp, forehead, left/right cheek ear, chin and nose). In each region, the percentage of the area affected by AKs was estimated, and the severities of three clinical signs of AK were assessed: distribution, erythema and thickness.

RESULTS:

There was a strong correlation between AKASI and PGA scores (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.86). AKASI was able to discriminate between different PGA categories: mean (SD) AKASI increased from 2.88 (1.18) for 'light' to 5.33 (1.48) for 'moderate', 8.28 (1.89) for 'severe', and 8.73 (3.03) for 'very severe' PGA classification. The coefficient of variation for AKASI scores was low and relatively constant across all PGA categories.

CONCLUSIONS:

Actinic keratosis area and severity index is proposed as a new quantitative tool for assessing AK severity on the head. It may be useful in the future evaluation of new AK treatments in clinical studies and the management of AK in daily practice.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28401585

 

#josepmalvehy #erythema #psoriasis #dermatoscopy #dermatology #dermatologiabarcelona #dermatologobarcelona #doctormalvehy #cedilp

 

Improving diagnostic sensitivity of combined dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy imaging through double reader concordance evaluation in telemedicine settings: A retrospective study of 1000 equivocal cases

PubMed

Improving diagnostic sensitivity of combined dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy imaging through double reader concordance evaluation in telemedicine settings: A retrospective study of 1000 equivocal cases

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is an imaging device that permits non-invasive visualization of cellular morphology and has been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopically equivocal cutaneous lesions. The application of double reader concordance evaluation of dermoscopy-RCM image sets in retrospective settings and its potential application to telemedicine evaluation has not been tested in a large study population.

OBJECTIVE:

To improve diagnostic sensitivity of RCM image diagnosis using a double reader concordance evaluation approach; to reduce mismanagement of equivocal cutaneous lesions in retrospective consultation and telemedicine settings.

METHODS:

1000 combined dermoscopy-RCM image sets were evaluated in blind by 10 readers with advanced training and internship in dermoscopy and RCM evaluation. We compared sensitivity and specificity of single reader evaluation versus double reader concordance evaluation as well as the effect of diagnostic confidence on lesion management in a retrospective setting.

RESULTS:

Single reader evaluation resulted in an overall sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 76.3%, with misdiagnosis of 8 melanomas, 4 basal cell carcinomas and 2 squamous cell carcinomas. Combined double reader evaluation resulted in an overall sensitivity of 98.3% and specificity of 65.5%, with misdiagnosis of 1 in-situ melanoma and 2 basal cell carcinomas.

CONCLUSION:

Evaluation of dermoscopy-RCM image sets of cutaneous lesions by single reader evaluation in retrospective settings is limited by sensitivity levels that may result in potential mismanagement of malignant lesions. Double reader blind concordance evaluation may improve the sensitivity of diagnosis and management safety. The use of a second check can be implemented in telemedicine settings where expert consultation and second opinions may be required.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29121636

#josepmalvehy  #carcinomabasocelular  #dermatoscopy #confocal #cancerdepiel #confocalinvivo, #microscopy #cutaneousmelanoma #squamouscellcarcinomas #carcinomas  #melanomas #reflectanceconfocal #telemedicine